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Lex Pelger
Nov 14, 2024 11:48 AM

Germany finally sells some bud

This week…

  • For arthritis, cannabis improved stiffness, fatigue & swelling
  • For fibro, cannabis caused “important improvements”
  • Cannabinoids for pain pain pain + the spasticity of MS
  • In people with hep C, cannabis users had less liver cancer
  • Cannabinoids as antibiotics
  • For pancreatitis, contrary findings on cannabis use (kidneys too)
  • ASTM: canna-vapes leading to a “seismic event for cannabis waste”
  • CBD & cold brew coffee as an antioxidant
  • One Sasha Shulgin reference

Hello everyone,

Welcome to the 122nd edition of Cannabinoids & the People, Lex Pelger’s free weekly digest of all the new cannabinoid science + assorted canna-news & psychedelic updates. Upgrade to a paid subscription here to support my work sharing canna-science. On the cannabinoids, ask me anything.

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      Best Of Cannabinoid Science...

      In CBD products, a profile of their most common minor cannabinoids
      Minor Cannabinoid Profile of Unregulated Cannabidiol Products
      https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/can.2024.0058
      “The most frequently detected minor cannabinoids were CBDV (100% of samples tested), CBG (77%), CBC (72%), CBN (67%), CBL (67%), and CBDA (51%). Δ8-THC was not detected in any of the products tested. “

      A Curaleaf sponsored study on the contaminants found in underground cannabis
      The Hidden Dangers of Illicit Cannabis
      https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/636795/1/White-Paper-The-Hidden-Dangers-of-Illegal-Cannabis_FINAL-1.pdf

      Clinical

      In people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis patients who use cannabis had less intestinal surgeries & malnutrition while people with IBD who used cannabis had shorter hospital stays & less steroid use, intestinal obstruction, anemia, complications & mortality
      Impact of Cannabis Use in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights From the National Readmission Database 2019-2020
      https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2024/10001/s1087_impact_of_cannabis_use_in_patients_with.1088.aspx
      I just did an 8’ video covering the science on Crohn's, colitis & IBD.

      In people with arthritis, a survey reported cannabis use decreased pain with improvements in stiffness, fatigue & swelling
      Patient-Reported Outcomes of Pain, Stiffness, and Fatigue Reduction in Rheumatoid and Psoriatic Arthritis With Cannabinoid Use
      https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/204984/20241025-737028-e9vf8x.pdf

      In case reports of twins with intractable epilepsy, they each achieved seizure suppression through different CBD regimens
      Case reports of identical twins with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with STXBP1 gene mutations for whom different CBD supplementations were markedly effective
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589986424000777

      In public health data on acute pancreatitis, cannabis users had lower mortality, sepsis, shock, need for blood transfusions, pancreatic drainage, acute respiratory failure & the need for an ICU stay but higher odds of GI bleeding, heart attacks, pancreatic insufficiency or pancreatic pseudocysts
      The Cannabis Conundrum: Does Cannabis Use Worsen Clinical Outcomes in Acute Pancreatitis? A Propensity-Matched Nationwide Analysis
      https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2024/10001/s130_the_cannabis_conundrum__does_cannabis_use.131.aspx
      And for the pancreas, cannabis-only users had higher odds of developing acute & chronic pancreatitis while those with alcohol abuse who use cannabis had lower odds of developing acute & chronic pancreatitis
      Impact of Cannabis Use Disorder on In-Hospital Outcomes of Pancreatitis: A Nationwide Inpatient Study Stratified by Etiology
      https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2024/10001/s109_impact_of_cannabis_use_disorder_on.110.aspx
      And a review that couldn’t find enough data to make an association between pancreatitis & cannabis use
      Association of Marijuana Use and the Severity of Idiopathic Acute Pancreatitis
      https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2024/10001/s223_association_of_marijuana_use_and_the_severity.224.aspx
      Confusing eh? And what does the pancreas even do?
      It’s actually a two-faced organ. As a part of the digestive system, it produces enzymes that help us break down food, especially proteins. But as a member of the endocrine/hormone system, it produces the hormone insulin that controls blood sugar levels. So with the endocannabinoid system being so intimately tied up with both your digestive system & your hormone system, it makes sense that cannabis could have varying effects on this dual-use organ.

      In people hospitalized with hepatitis C, those using cannabis had significantly lower odds of liver cancer
      Cannabis Use and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Patients Hospitalized With HCV Using the National Inpatient Sample
      https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2024/10001/s1691_cannabis_use_and_risk_of_hepatocellular.1692.aspx

      In breast reduction surgery, a retrospective review found no impact from cannabis use
      Marijuana and Its Implications in Breast Reduction Surgery Outcomes and Quality of Life: A Matched Analysis
      https://journals.lww.com/prsgo/fulltext/2024/11000/marijuana_and_its_implications_in_breast_reduction.10.aspx?context=latestarticles

      In chronic cannabis users, they had alterations to their cortisol rhythms as well as significant decreases in cortisol & subjective stress
      Multimodal examination of daily stress rhythms in chronic Cannabis users
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00213-024-06709-3

      Unsurprisingly, anger more linked to alcohol & tobacco use then use of cannabis or the illegal drugs
      Anger is more strongly associated with alcohol and tobacco use and use disorders compared to other substances in American adults
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00952990.2024.2331721

      Harms

      (for reproductive harms, there’s so many this week that they’re all grouped together below in the ‘Reproduction & Hormones’ section)

      A review for clinicians diagnosing potential problematic use of cannabis
      Clinical Evaluation of the Cannabis-Using Patient: A Moving Target
      https://www.thepermanentejournal.org/doi/full/10.7812/TPP/24.088

      For cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal rhythm), a review about the increased risk from cannabis use
      Arrhythmias and Cannabis Use: A Comprehensive Overview
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666501824003660

      For cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, interviews with 24 people about their experiences with the medical system & saying how the narratives around cannabis led them to resist treatment & to believe in a medical conspiracy to stigmatize it
      Contesting Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: How Narratives of Cannabis Shape Diagnosis Contestation and Treatment Resistance
      https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/10497323241279079

      A case report of vaping cannabis concentrate leading to pneumothorax (air in the chest cavity)
      Pneumothoraces Associated With Vaping Cannabis Concentrate
      https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/154/5/e2024067278/199741/Pneumothoraces-Associated-With-Vaping-Cannabis
      The medical term is vaping-associated spontaneous pneumothorax (VASP).

      A case report of cannabinoid gummies causing lactic acidosis (a toxic buildup of lactic acid)
      Acute Toxicity With Lactic Acidosis Associated With Cannabinoid Gummies
      https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/305685/20241027-1067824-e9vf8x.pdf
      “The patient described in this case report ingested a large number of edible cannabinoid gummies. He developed a sequence of toxic states that included lethargy, agitation, vomiting, tachycardia, hypertension, acute respiratory failure, and elevated lactic acid levels.”

      A series of case reports of delta-8 THC gummies leading to psychosis
      A Case Series: Psychotic Disorder Associated With Gummies Containing Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39008848/

      This probably did not involve the cannabis, but a case report of a young woman with severe food allergies who smoked cannabis & then kissed her boyfriend who had just eaten shellfish & went into shock & was declared brain dead seven days later
      DRUGS AND KISSES: FATAL ANAPHYLAXIS FOLLOWING MARIJUANA SMOKING AND SHELLFISH EXPOSURE BY KISSING
      https://www.annallergy.org/article/S1081-1206(24)01055-X/pdf

      Reviews

      For fibromyalgia, a review of 19 studies “showed an important improvement in pain, quality of life, and sleep habits” with no serios adverse events
      Effectiveness and safety of cannabis-based products for medical use in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome: A systematic review
      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384815463_Effectiveness_and_safety_of_cannabis-based_products_for_medical_use_in_patients_with_fibromyalgia_syndrome_A_systematic_review

      For the spasticity of multiple sclerosis, a review of 31 studies found the most commonly used medication to be nabiximols (1:1 THC:CBD sprays)
      Cannabinoids for spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
      https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20552173241282379

      For anxiety & CBD, a review of 11 clinical trials found “the data suggest that CBD may reduce anxiety with minimal adverse effects when compared to a placebo”
      The Impact of Cannabidiol Treatment on Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials
      https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/14/11/1373

      For pain, a review of CBD’s clinical & preclinical evidence
      Cannabidiol (CBD): A Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Evidence in the Treatment of Pain
      https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/17/11/1438
      And a review of using cannabinoids for pain management
      Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoid in Pain Management
      https://crsubscription.com/journals/pharmacy/pharmacognosy/articles/2024/[132-139]-Cannabinoid-in-Pain-Management.pdf
      And a review of 74 cannabinoid pain studies covering 12k+ people
      Efficiency of cannabis and cannabidiol in managing chronic pain syndromes: A comprehensive narrative review
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39499191/
      “Cannabinoids were most effective in treating chronic secondary headache and orofacial pain, chronic secondary musculoskeletal pain, chronic secondary visceral pain, and chronic neuropathic pain.”

      For chemotherapy & intestinal inflammation, a review of 81 articles on using cannabis to alleviate the symptoms
      Medicinal Cannabis in Reducing Physical and Psychological Problems Caused by Chemotherapy and Intestinal Inflammation; Advantages and Challenges (A Review)
      https://publish.kne-publishing.com/index.php/SSU/article/view/16851

      For sleep apnea, a review of nine studies using cannabinoids
      Cannabinoids for obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39498540/

      For microbial lung diseases, a review of using cannabis
      Cannabis effectiveness on immunologic potency of pulmonary contagion
      https://digital.zlb.de/viewer/metadata/1334908419/1/

      For the kidneys, a review of the positive & negative effects of the cannabinoids
      The effects of cannabinoids on the kidney
      https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/apha.14247

      For substance use disorders, a book chapter on the involvement of the endocannabinoid system
      Substance Use Disorders and the Endocannabinoid System: A New Narrative
      https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-031-32035-4_140-1

      Two review of the antibiotic effects of cannabis
      A recent update on the antibacterial effects of distinct bioactive molecules derived from the Cannabis plant
      https://akjournals.com/view/journals/1886/aop/article-10.1556-1886.2024.00098/article-10.1556-1886.2024.00098.xml
      Cannabinoids as Antibacterial Agents: A Systematic and Critical Review of In Vitro Efficacy Against Streptococcus and Staphylococcus
      https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/11/1023
      And for MRSA (the staph infection stalking hospitals that kills more people in the US than AIDS), using machine learning to analyze the efficacy of cannabinoid derivatives
      Modeling Antimicrobial Activity of Cannabinoid Derivatives Against MRSA: A QSAR Approach Using Machine Learning
      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385449998_Modeling_Antimicrobial_Activity_of_Cannabinoid_Derivatives_Against_MRSA_A_QSAR_Approach_Using_Machine_Learning

      Preclinical

      In humans skin cells, cannabinoid topicals reduced inflammation, promoted skin regeneration & improved structural functions
      Exploring the Biological Activity of Phytocannabinoids Formulations for Skin Health Care: A Special Focus on Molecular Pathways
      https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202411.0319

      In a female rat model of PTSD, CBD reversed impairments in fear extinction, reduced learned helplessness & suppressed neuroinflammation in the prefrontal cortex
      Cannabidiol Modulates Neuroinflammatory Markers in a PTSD Model Conducted on Female Rats
      https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/14/11/1384

      In a mouse model of obesity, cannabis reversed the damage to the DNA & mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell)
      Effects of THC-rich Cannabis sativa extract on Biochemical Parameters in Obesity
      https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5282770/v1/54f6aaaa-f271-4b42-9d23-6cd3aad3c7ea.pdf?c=1730273282

      In a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, the long term administration of PEA prevented cognitive impairment, preserved motivation & lowered neuroinflammation
      Long-term administration of ultra-micronized PEA alters disease progression in the Tg2576 mice and reveals neuroprotective effects on behavior, brain morphology and biochemistry.
      https://iris.uniroma1.it/handle/11573/1724714

      In a mouse model of Parkinson's disease, the CBG derivative VCE-003.2 improved performance in motor tests, preserved neurons & reduced reactive microgliosis & astrogliosis (abnormally strong reactions from the microglia & astrocytes respectively)
      Investigation in the cannabigerol derivative VCE-003.2 as a disease-modifying agent in a mouse model of experimental synucleinopathy
      https://behavioralandbrainfunctions.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12993-024-00256-9

      In a rat model of hedonic effects, a thesis project showed THC increased the positive reactions to both sucrose & alcohol
      Effects of voluntary ingestion of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the hedonic value of rewarding and aversive substances
      https://krex.k-state.edu/items/90fef338-813f-4d41-95e8-e4baed64346c

      In ovarian cancer cells, CBD, CBG & CBDA significantly reduced their viability with CBD being the most effective
      Investigating Cannabis sativa bioactive compounds as an anti-cancer treatment in high-grade serous ovarian cancer
      https://ijgc.bmj.com/content/34/Suppl_3/A88.2
      And as always, there’s a half-dozen more studies below in the cancer section. The anti-tumor effects of the cannabinoids are one of their most under-utilized properties.

      Novel Studies

      (my new grab bag section for stuff I haven’t quite seen before)

      For CBD & cold brew coffee, a thesis project on their synergistic antioxidant effects
      Synergistic Interactions and Emulsion Preparation of Antioxidant Potential of Cannabidiol and Cold Brew Coffee
      https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2424&context=etd

      On how endocannabinoids regulate potassium channels
      Endocannabinoid regulation of inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39253376/
      And in the heart sodium channels of a variety of species, the endocannabinoid ARA-S increased their activation
      The endocannabinoid ARA-S facilitates the activation of cardiac Kv7.1/KCNE1 channels from different species
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19336950.2024.2420651

      In the husks of hemp seeds (a part of the plant not often studied), they contain phenylpropionamides that inhibit the enzyme tyrosinase (involved in melanin production, used to lighten skin & prevent severe skin diseases))
      Inhibitory effects of phenylpropionamides from the hemp seed husk on tyrosinase
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0141813024077481

      In the Qihuang Zhuyu Formula (a Chinese herbal compound for coronary artery disease), it inhibits platelet activation by using the endocannabinoid system to alter the mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell) via the SIRT1/PPARα pathway
      Qihuang Zhuyu Formula Modulates Mitochondrial Function to Inhibit Platelet Activation via Endocannabinoid Signaling Mediated by the SIRT1/PPARα Pathway
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874124013059
      Another old treatment to add to our list of traditional remedies that use the endocannabinoid system for their positive effect.

      the Headlines & Fav Articles

      An ASTM study finds that outdated cannabis packaging regulations make it impossible for the industry to be environmentally sustainable & that vapes are contributing to a seismic event for cannabis waste
      https://www.marijuanamoment.net/outdated-marijuana-packaging-rules-make-it-impossible-for-cannabis-industry-to-be-environmentally-sustainable-study-says

      A legal analysis on the evolution of gun rights & cannabis
      Lawyers, Guns, and Marijuana: How N.Y. State Rifle and Pistol Ass'n v. Bruen is Shaping Federal Marijuana Law
      https://scholarship.law.uc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1546&context=uclr

      A labor market analysis finds that a state implementing medical cannabis laws are significantly associated with less years of schooling, college attendance, employment & income
      Long-Run Effects of Childhood Exposure to Medical Marijuana Laws on Education and Labor Market Outcomes
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12122-024-09365-w

      The Laws, The War on Drugs & the End of Prohibition

      On abolishing the DEA by Ifetayo Harvey of the People of Color Psychedelic Collective
      Time to Abolish the DEA: E o Abolish the DEA: Evaluating the Agency aluating the Agency’s Failures and

      Calling for Community Investments
      https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6113&context=flr
      #EndTheDrugWarAlready

      At pharmacy conferences, harm minimization talks are a must-see by some attendees & a turn-off to others
      CONNECTING WITH HARM MIN: While harm minimisation can be a turn-off conference topic for some, for others it is pharmacy's equivalent of a must-see 'TED Talk'
      link

      In Canadian online drug markets, most of them don't bother accepting cryptocurrencies
      Why don’t You Want My Money: A Study of the Acceptance of Cryptocurrencies in Online Cannabis Markets
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01639625.2024.2418451

      Business & Education

      On how to incorporate cannabis into university curriculum
      'Higher' education: Incorporating cannabis as interdisciplinary curricula
      https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/jti/vol14/iss1/1/
      Hire me. I’ll teach ‘em Shulgin style.

      A review of seed-to-sale systems
      Review and Call for Improved Cannabis Measurement and the Potential for Leveraging Cannabis Seed-To-Sale Systems
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02791072.2024.2420042

      In cannabis retailer marketing, exterior ads more common in lower income neighborhoods & warning signs more common in White neighborhoods
      Neighborhood demographics in relation to marketing and regulation-related factors among cannabis retailers in 5 US cities
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871624013966

      An analysis of Canada's cannabis advertising ban
      The 'ban' for public health that wasn't? Views and impressions on cannabis retail promotion/advertising realities amidst legalization policy in Canada
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39266073/

      The marketing factors on why people buy cannabis beverages
      Marketing Factors Affecting to Decision Making on Buying Cannabis-Ingredients Beverages
      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377389958_Marketing_Factors_Affecting_to_Decision_Making_on_Buying_Cannabis-Ingredients_Beverages

      In a Thai community, how to enhance the value of their cannabis economy
      Empowering of Enterprise Group in Non Malai Community at Hin Lek Fai Subdistrict, Khu Mueang District, Buriram Province of Thailand to Enhance the Economy of Cannabis Processed Products
      https://ecohumanism.co.uk/joe/ecohumanism/article/view/4540

      Psychedelics, Plant Medicines & Other Psychoactives

      The Department of Veteran Affairs announces their first psychedelic study since the 1960s: MDMA for veterans with PTSD & alcohol use disorder
      https://www.marijuanamoment.net/top-va-official-announces-agencys-first-funded-psychedelic-study-for-veterans-since-the-1960s/?

      The Plant & the History

      Using genetics in the forensic analysis of cannabis
      Leveraging genetics to support forensic toxicology analysis: Demonstrating concordance among marijuana samples
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214786124000718

      Growing & Processing

      An analysis of the effects of light & plant density on yield
      Harvesting Light: The Interrelation of Spectrum, Plant Density, Secondary Metabolites, and Cannabis sativa L. Yield
      https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/11/2565

      In a vertical farming system, increasing the yield with methyl jasmonate
      Optimization of Cannabinoid Production in Hemp Through Methyl Jasmonate Application in a Vertical Farming System
      https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/11/1165

      In the cannabis types with larger leaf areas, when exposed to drought, they have a higher potential to adjust their stromata (openings in the leaf) to regulate gas exchange & respond to water deficit
      Cannabis sativa genotypes with larger leaf areas have higher potential to adjust stomatal size and density in response to water deficit: The effect on stomatal conductance and physiological stomatal behaviour
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667064X24003026

      In the Northern Territory of Australia, high soil temperature reduced hemp germination
      High soil temperature reduces hemp germination: Preliminary laboratory findings from Northern Territory
      https://agronomyaustraliaproceedings.org/images/sampledata/2024/2024ASAvijayakumar_induni-25-1083-Vijaya_Kumar-Induni_Mahisha_Kumari.pdf

      In the field, measuring terpene levels to identify higher cannabinoid yield cultivars
      Scent Knows Better: Utilizing Volatile Organic Compounds as a Robust Tool for Identifying Higher Cannabidiol- and Tetrahydrocannabinol-Containing Cannabis Cultivars in Field Conditions
      https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06652

      On using near-infrared to classify cannabis cultivars & predict cannabinoid & terpene concentrations
      Comparative chemometric modeling of fresh and dry cannabis inflorescences using FT-NIR spectroscopy: Quantification and classification insights
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39254142/

      On collecting cannabis extracellular vesicles for biomedical uses
      Characterization of cannabis plant-derived extracellular vesicles for biomedical applications
      https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/5405

      With the plant parts left after trimming, a water extract protected the prostate & had antimicrobial properties
      Phytochemical profiling and biological evaluation of the residues from industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) inflorescences trimming: Focus on water extract
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212429224017759

      Cannabis plants with multiple copies of their genome grew taller & had changes in their associated microbiomes
      Exploring the Role of Endophytes in Cannabis sativa L. Polyploidy and Agricultural Trait Improvement
      https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/15/4/78

      In hemp field retting, the microbial communities that enhance fiber quality
      Microbial communities and their role in enhancing hemp fiber quality through field retting
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-024-13323-y

      In Thailand, the traits that affect seed yield from new germplasm
      Identification of morphological traits affecting high seed yield potential from new hemp germplasm collected in Thailand
      https://oes.chileanjar.cl/files/CJAR240325-85-1-2025.pdf

      An analysis of the primary Thai cannabis cultivar
      Evaluation of value adding components from postharvest biomass of Thai medicinal cannabis var. Hang Kra Rog Phu Phan
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214786124000664

      A comparison of hemp cultivars grown in Australia’s Northern Territory
      Industrial Hemp Variety Trials: Results from the Northern Territory
      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385355338_2023_Industrial_Hemp_Variety_Trials_Results_from_the_Northern_Territory

      The diversity of wild hemp in the Himalayas
      Geo-climatic factors co-drive the phenotypic diversity of wild hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in the Potohar Plateau and Lesser Himalayas
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12870-024-05730-0

      Food & Nutrition

      Microencapsulating hemp leaf for feeding to animals to lower methane production
      Bioefficiency of microencapsulated hemp leaf phytonutrient-based extracts to enhance in vitro rumen fermentation and mitigate methane production
      https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0312575

      Industrial Uses & Fiber

      On turning hemp waste into biogas
      Enhancing biogas production from hemp biomass residue through hydrothermal pretreatment and co-digestion with cow manure: Insights into methane yield, microbial communities, and metabolic pathways
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301479724030251

      Pollutant removal system using hemp fiber
      Cationic waste hemp fibers-based membrane: Case study of anionic pollutants removal through environmentally friendly processes
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301479724031608

      Hempcrete’s thermal & acoustic properties
      Detailed characterisation of hemp and hempcrete pore structures: Effects on thermal and acoustic properties
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008884624002837

      Making a resin out of hemp fiber & the industrial waste filler dolomite dust
      Processing and characterization of waste dolomite dust filled hemp-epoxy composites
      https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mawe.202300314

      Using AI to predict the best hemp composite for automobiles
      Development and machine learning based prediction of carbon/hemp/ramie sandwich composite as sustainable and ecofriendly solution for automobile application
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352492824027983

      On extracting cellulose nanocrystals from hemp waste
      Mechanical and morphological properties of cellulose nanocrystals extracted from industrial hemp agro-waste
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-024-06255-3

      Stabilizing emulsion gels with hemp protein isolate
      Novel high internal phase emulsion gels stabilized solely by hemp protein isolate: Enhancement of cannabidiol chemical stability and bioaccessibility
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39245105/

      How fire retardants affected hemp fiber composites
      The impact of fire retardants on the mechanical and thermal characteristics of hemp fiber-reinforced polylactic acid composites
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12206-024-1022-z

      The tensile strength of hemp fibers
      Experimental and Statistical Investigations for Tensile Properties of Hemp Fibers
      https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/12/11/94

      A review of techniques for measuring hemp fiber length
      A Brief Review of Hemp Fiber Length Measurement Techniques
      https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/12/11/93

      CANNABINOID SCIENCE

      A review of the many cannabis delivery systems
      Medicinal cannabis delivery systems: A perspective
      https://accscience.com/journal/IMO/articles/online_first/2257
      And a review of how different forms of cannabis alter its use & outcomes
      Cannabis flower, concentrates, and edibles: a narrative review comparing prevalence of use, methods of consumption, and cannabis use disorder outcomes
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10550887.2024.2418225

      Saliva concentrations of THC after cannabis use
      Concentrations of Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in oral fluid at different time points after use: An individual participant meta-analysis
      https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(24)15904-X

      Public Health

      In women experiencing sexism, they had more cannabis use-related problems & coping-motivated-cannabis use
      Sexism and Cannabis-Related Problems Among Women in the U.S.: The Role of Negative Affect and Coping-Motivated Cannabis Use
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10826084.2024.2422944

      In Canada, surveys on why people might transition from illicit cannabis to regulated cannabis
      Bridging the gap: Exploring consumer experiences and motivations for transitioning between illicit and regulated cannabis markets
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955395924003281

      COVID-19 led to an increase in home cannabis cultivation activity
      Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cannabis cultivation and use in 18 countries
      https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-cannabis-cultivation-and-use-i

      A survey of how different medical providers talked to adult cannabis consumers
      Patient-provider interactions about cannabis for therapeutic purposes vary as a function of provider type: A pilot study
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39446729/

      A survey of nurses working with medical cannabis patients found that they often wanted to talk about medicinal cannabis but did not always have the confidence to do so
      An Exploration of Registered Nurses' Experiences Caring for Patients Taking Medicinal Cannabis
      https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11511588/

      In Portuguese nurses & nursing students, the majority considered medical cannabis to be legitimate but the majority also had no knowledge of the endocannabinoid system & said they didn't have sufficient knowledge to advise on using medical cannabis
      Knowledge and perspectives about medicinal cannabis in nurses and nursing students in Portugal
      https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11517285/

      In US public health data, cannabis use rose in legal & medical states while tobacco use declined, but this change was not associated with legalization
      Cannabis legalization and changes in cannabis and tobacco/nicotine use and co-use in a national cohort of U.S. adults during 2017–2021
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0955395924003025

      In Malaysia, interviews with pharmacists on legalizing medical cannabis
      Decriminalizing and Legalizing Cannabis for Clinical Benefits in Malaysia: Perspective Among Pharmacists (A Qualitative Study)
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02791072.2024.2420065

      In Canada during the pandemic, older people who used cannabis reported higher loneliness scores
      Loneliness and cannabis use among older adults: findings from a Canada national survey during the COVID-19 pandemic
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-024-20499-5

      In Montana, estimates of cannabis use
      Small Area Estimation using Multilevel Regression and Poststratification to Estimate Cannabis Use in the State of Montana
      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385522809_Small_Area_Estimation_using_Multilevel_Regression_and_Poststratification_to_Estimate_Cannabis_Use_in_the_State_of_Montana

      On trying to establish a standard measure of blunt & cigar use for surveys
      Establishing a standard measure of blunt and cigar use for U.S. national surveys
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39255717/
      And how adolescents tend to overestimate the amount of cannabis in their joints
      Understanding US adolescents’ and emerging adults’ overestimation of their cannabis use quantity
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460324002557

      Adolescents & Young Adults

      In youth of alternate sexual orientations, Two-Spirit, asexual, pansexual & queer identifying used more cannabis than those who identified as lesbian, gay & bisexual
      The mediating effects of minority stress experiences on cannabis consumption among 2SLGBTQ+ youth
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19359705.2024.2394453

      In sexual minority young adults, heterosexism-based stress induced cravings for cannabis, alcohol & nicotine
      Vicarious heterosexism-based stress induces alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis craving and negative affect among sexual minority young adults: An experimental study
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39252986/

      For opiate maintenance, a thesis project survey of college students on cannabis being helpful
      The Efficacy of Cannabis as a Substitute Addiction for Opiates
      https://idun.augsburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2606&context=etd

      Among young adults, the effect of cannabis on their sleep differed by their underlying mental health symptoms
      Cannabis use and sleep problems among young adults by mental health status: A prospective cohort study
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39476498/
      “For participants without baseline anxiety or depression symptoms, using cannabis ≥ 20 days/month (versus never use) was associated with greater sleep problems at follow-up ... Among participants with anxiety and/or depression and pre-existing sleep problems at baseline, using cannabis ≥ 20 days/month (versus never use) was associated with fewer sleep problems at follow-up.”

      Comparing 3 models of cannabis use & their relation to anxiety & depression in emerging adulthood
      When Chilling Out Casts Doubt: Exploring the Temporal Associations Among Anxiety, Depression, and Cannabis Use in Emerging Adulthood
      https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/21582440241282182
      “Regarding anxiety symptoms, some support was found for the vulnerability model [negative emotions precede cannabis use], in that anxiety preceded cannabis problems across some waves…. As for depression symptoms, there was support for reciprocal links between cannabis problems and depression across waves.”

      In adolescents, a thesis project on the link between cannabis use & criminal behavior
      Exploring the relationship between cannabis use in adolescence and propensity for criminal behaviour
      https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/127950

      In Ontario youth, interviews on how to reduce the harms of cannabis use
      Reducing the harms of cannabis use in youth post-legalization: insights from Ontario youth, parents, and service providers
      https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-024-01112-9

      The relationship between adolescent cannabis use & mental health does not seem to be moderated by maternal education
      Does maternal education moderate the relationship between adolescent cannabis use and mental health in early adulthood?
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39252481/

      In adolescents using cannabis, the risk factors from their early family years
      Preadolescent individual, familial, and social risk factors associated with longitudinal patterns of adolescent alcohol, cannabis, and other illicit drug use in a population-representative cohort.
      https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2025-40553-001

      In Canadian adolescents, the varied effects of cannabis legalization on their usage & impacts
      Impacts and Implications of Cannabis Legalization on Key Outcomes Among Adolescents in Canada
      https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/07067437241293098

      In Brazil, a chatbot for teaching young adults about the science around cannabis
      Development, Content Validation and Usability of a Chatbot for Disseminating Scientific Information About Cannabis Among Young Adults
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02791072.2024.2421921

      A mobile phone intervention to reduce cannabis driving among youth
      Developing a mobile-based brief intervention to reduce cannabis-impaired driving among youth: An intervention mapping approach
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955395924003104

      Among Spanish adolescents, 10% in the last year had driven after using alcohol or cannabis
      Prevalence and correlates of driving under the influence of alcohol and cannabis among Spanish adolescents
      https://www.jsad.com/doi/abs/10.15288/jsad.24-00132

      In Australia, the 2020 cohort more likely to be using cannabis than the 2019 cohort
      Adolescent alcohol drinking and cannabis use: Longitudinal and cohort analysis of high school students in Australia
      https://ijadr.org/index.php/ijadr/article/view/499/891

      In young adults, cannabis use associated with starting to use electronic nicotine delivery systems
      Cannabis use and associated longitudinal transitions in electronic nicotine delivery systems use among young adults in the United States
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460324002405

      The Brain & Neurological Disorders

      A review of CBD for Parkinson's disease
      CBD’s potential impact on Parkinson’s disease: An updated overview
      https://digital.zlb.de/viewer/metadata/1346400695/1/

      In mice, the endocannabinoid system regulates their production of saliva when exposed to the smell of food with a gendered response
      Cannabinoid regulation of sex-dependent murine odorant-stimulated salivation
      https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-77761-4

      In a rat model of stress, acute stress caused different changes to the levels of CB1 receptors in their hippocampus (brain memory center)
      Acute stress induces different changes on the expression of CB1 receptors in the hippocampus of two lines of male rats differing in their response to stressors
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305724001953

      In a mouse model of spinal damage, blockage of the CB1 & CB2 receptor increased the survival of spinal motor neurons
      Selective blockade of cannabinoid receptors influence motoneuron survival and glial reaction after neonatal axotomy
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306452224005682

      In a mouse model of excitotoxicity (overactivation of the brain), activating the CB1 receptor reduced neuroinflammation, brain swelling & blood-brain barrier permeability via the NOX‐2 pathway
      CB1 Receptor Activation Provides Neuroprotection in an Animal Model of Glutamate‐Induced Excitotoxicity Through a Reduction of NOX‐2 Activity and Oxidative Stress
      https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11534500/

      In a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, genetically inactivating the FAAH enzyme (which breaks down anandamide) did upregulate inflammatory genes but it also lessened uptake of Aβ plaque by the microglia (guardian immune cells of the brain)
      Fatty acid amide hydrolase gene inactivation induces hetero-cellular potentiation of microglial function in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39474846/

      In a mouse model of Alzheimer's, a FAAH/cholinesterase caused neuroprotection, lessened cognitive dysfunction & inhibited neuroinflammation via the microglia (guardian immune cells of the brain)
      Natural phenol carbamates: Selective BuChE/FAAH dual inhibitors show neuroprotection in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0223523424008857

      CBD binds to TRPC4 receptors & alters the excitability of neurons in the prefrontal cortex
      Cannabidiol inhibits transient receptor potential canonical 4 and modulates excitability of pyramidal neurons in mPFC
      https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1431758/full

      In astrocytes (brain support cells), cannabinoid receptor activation did not alter extracellular glutamate (the primary excitatory neurotransmitter)
      Extracellular glutamate is not modulated by cannabinoid receptor activity
      https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-75962-5

      A new radioactive CB2 agonist to measure CB2 levels in the brain
      Development and Evaluation of Deuterated [18F]JHU94620 Isotopologues for the Non-invasive Assessment of the Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor in Brain
      https://advance.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.22541/au.172979832.20556552/v1

      Mental Health, Addiction & Cannabis Use Disorder

      In a New Zealand survey, people reported cannabis use led to less alcohol, morphine, methamphetamine & synthetic cannabinoid use, but some reported more tobacco use
      Exploring the substitution of cannabis for alcohol and other drugs among a large convenience sample of people who use cannabis
      https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11536895/

      For psychosis risk from cannabis legalization, a French review found mixed evidence from 7 studies
      Impact of the legalization of recreational cannabis on the risk of psychosis: A systematic review of the literature
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39244500/
      “Four of the studies showed no increase in the use of health services for psychosis following the legalization of cannabis for recreational use whereas three other studies highlighted a negative impact of the legalization of cannabis for recreational use on the risk of psychosis. All of these studies were carried out in North America and were characterized by a low level of scientific evidence.”

      In people with psychosis, a review of tech interventions to decrease their cannabis use
      Technology-Based Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Decreasing Cannabis Use in People with Psychosis: A Systematic Review Update
      https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/can.2024.0094

      In people with anxiety & ADHD symptoms, they may be more inclined to use cannabis to self-medicate & reduce symptoms
      Mental Health and Dispositional Predictors of Simultaneous versus Concurrent Cannabis and Alcohol Use in a Canadian Context
      https://publications.sciences.ucf.edu/cannabis/index.php/Cannabis/article/view/256

      In people with bipolar disorder, both cannabis use disorder & a night owl chronotype were associated with an earlier age of mood symptom onset
      Co-morbid cannabis use disorder and chronotype are associated with mood symptom onset in people with bipolar disorder
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022395624006277

      In people going in for routine healthcare, those who used cannabis in the last year had higher measures of cannabis use disorder
      Prevalence of Cannabis Use Disorder Among Primary Care Patients with Varying Frequency of Past-Year Cannabis Use
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-024-09061-6

      In a mouse model of autism, raising the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-AG improved hyperactivity, inflammation, impaired social behaviors & cognitive deficits
      Augmentation of Endogenous 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Mitigates Autistic Behaviors of BTBR Mice
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-024-04606-6

      In mice, the behavioral effects of a CBD- & CBG-rich formula
      Behavioral effects of two cannabidiol and cannabigerol-rich formulas on mice
      https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(24)15969-5
      “CBG + formula produced an increase in mice locomotor activity and displayed anxiolytic properties, whereas both formulas improved spatial short-term memory and social interactions.”

      In rats, tests of the neurocognitive effects of cannabis
      Effects of Cannabis sativa on the Neuromuscular System and Cognitive Behavior of Male Wistar Rats
      https://rojournals.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ROJPHM-3251-58-2024-Zi.pdf

      In an adolescent male rat model of methamphetamine use disorder, the CB1 receptor modulated methamphetamine-associated memories
      Cannabinoid receptor type 1 agonist disrupts methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in adolescent male rats
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304394024004129

      In neuronal tissue related to schizophrenia, cannabinoids decreased neuronal differentiation markers
      Impact of cannabinoids on synapse markers in an SH-SY5Y cell culture model
      https://www.nature.com/articles/s41537-024-00498-6

      Pain, Musculoskeletal & Surgeries

      After reviewing 66 YouTube videos on cannabis & chronic pain, these researchers said they found them to have a moderate quality & encouraged researchers to upload their own (what do you think I’m doing out here?)
      Medical Misinformation and Quality of Public Video Content on Cannabis for Chronic Pain Management: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the YouTube Platform
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.2147/JPR.S479200

      In people using opioids for pain, cannabis use was associated with poor functioning as well as probable depression, anxiety & PTSD
      Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana use Among Individuals Receiving Prescription Opioids for Pain Management
      https://journals.lww.com/clinicalpain/abstract/9900/alcohol,_tobacco,_and_marijuana_use_among.217.aspx

      In people with chronic pain receiving buprenorphine for opioid use disorder, discomfort intolerance was associated with cannabis use
      Associations of discomfort intolerance, discomfort avoidance, and cannabis and alcohol use among persons with chronic pain receiving prescription buprenorphine for opioid use disorder
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871624013978

      In people using cannabis for pain, higher pain intensity & disability were associated with more hazardous cannabis use
      Cross-Sectional Associations Between Expectancies for Cannabis use and Pain in an Emerging Adult Sample
      https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/00472379241293748

      In people with fibromyalgia, combining cannabis with oxycodone did not alter the painkilling power but did lower the doses of opioids
      Cannabis combined with oxycodone for pain relief in fibromyalgia pain: a randomized clinical self-titration trial with focus on adverse events
      https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pain-research/articles/10.3389/fpain.2024.1497111/abstract

      In people getting surgery on their dental pulp, a CBD-rich extract did not alter their pre- or postoperative anxiety
      Effect of preoperative oral cannabidiol-rich Cannabis extract on anxiety and postoperative pain after endodontic treatment: A double-blind randomized clinical trial
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0099239924005600

      In a rat model of pain, CBD rich extract combined with achiote (a Central American shrub used in traditional medicine) reduced pain
      Effect of the Association of Standardized Extracts of Cannabis sativa L. (CBD) with Bixa orellana L. (Chronic® and Chronic In®) on Pain Models in Wistar Rats
      https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202410.2348/v1

      In a mouse model of neuropathic pain, activating the CB2 receptors in the hippocampus (memory center of the brain) reduced the cognitive impairment via the DUSP6/ERK/NFκB pathway
      Hippocampal cannabinoid type 2 receptor alleviates chronic neuropathic pain-induced cognitive impairment via microglial DUSP6 pathway in rats
      https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1096/fj.202401481R

      In a mouse model of pain, those without CB2 receptors did not develop tolerance to morphine but they did exhibit more drug-seeking behavior
      Impact of Genetic and Pharmacological Modulation of CB2 Receptors on Morphine-Induced Analgesia, Tolerance, and Reward in C57BL/6J Mice
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667242124000915

      In a mouse model of migraines, zolmitriptan patches reduced pain via the CB1 receptors
      Zolmitriptan niosomal transdermal patches: combating migraine via epigenetic and endocannabinoid pathways and reversal of migraine hypercoagulability
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13346-024-01731-6

      Guts, Metabolism & Oral Health

      For type 2 diabetes, on the potential of drugs targeting GPR119 (a receptor that may one day be known as a cannabinoid receptor)
      What is holding back preclinical GPR119 agonists from their potential as the therapeutics of type 2 diabetes?
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14728222.2024.2421751

      The gut bacteria Faecalibacterium prausnitzii produces the FAAH enzyme
      A human gut Faecalibacterium prausnitzii fatty acid amide hydrolase
      https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.ado6828

      Immune System & Microbial

      In people going in for psychiatric treatment, those using cannabinoids had significantly higher levels of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell that fights infection)
      Differences in total and differential WBC counts and in inflammatory parameters between psychiatric inpatients with and without recent consumption of cannabinoids, opioids, or cocaine: a retrospective single-center study
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354624001765

      Reproduction & Hormones

      Five-year-old children with prenatal cannabis exposure had poorer task-based planning ability & more observed aggression
      Prenatal Cannabis Exposure and Executive Function and Aggressive Behavior at Age 5 Years
      https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/article-abstract/2825405

      Fetal exposure to THC tends to be lower than maternal exposure & perhaps it's because THC & its metabolites inhibit one of the placental drug transporters
      Are Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Its Major Metabolites Substrates or Inhibitors of Placental or Human Hepatic Drug Solute-Carrier Transporters?
      https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/22/12036

      In California, adult use cannabis laws were associated with an increase in cannabis use during early pregnancy
      Cannabis Use During Early Pregnancy Following Recreational Cannabis Legalization
      https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2825387

      People with depression during their pregnancy were more likely to be using cannabis
      Predictors of perinatal cannabis use in colorado and the association with depression during pregnancy
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00737-024-01515-4

      A review of outcomes of maternal cannabis use during pregnancy
      Maternal Cannabis Use During Pregnancy and Maternal and Neonatal Adverse Outcomes
      https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/maternal-cannabis-use-pregnancy-adverse-maternal-neonatal-outcomes/

      In mice with prenatal exposure to CBD, they had decreased survival to weaning age, lower body weight in males as well as perinatal CBD use leading to less anxiety in females & less long-term object memory in males
      Maternal ingestion of cannabidiol (CBD) in mice leads to sex-dependent changes in memory, anxiety, and metabolism in the adult offspring, and causes a decrease in survival to weaning age
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305724001965

      The Heart

      A review of the effects of cannabis on the heart [German]
      Effects of cannabis use on the heart
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00059-024-05282-x

      In a rat model of high blood pressure, four weeks of injections of AM251 (a blocker of the CB1 receptor)into the hypothalamus (key brain regulator of bodily functions) significantly decreased heart rate, blood pressure & body weight as well as lowered CB1 levels & proinflammatory cytokine release via the Wnt/β-catenin/RAS pathway
      Inhibition of CB1R in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Ameliorates Hypertension Through Wnt/β-Catenin/RAS Pathway
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12012-024-09938-2

      The Liver

      In elderly people with acute liver failure, those with cannabis use disorder had more liver-related hospitalizations but a lower mortality rate, “possibly due to the endocannabinoid system's role in reducing liver inflammation and fibrosis”
      Higher Prevalence but Lower Mortality in Acute Liver Failure-Related Hospitalizations in Elderly Cohort With Cannabis Use Disorder: A Population Based Analysis
      https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2024/10001/s1850_higher_prevalence_but_lower_mortality_in.1851.aspx

      In a mouse model of liver damage from diabetes, the combination of PEA & rutin protected inflammation & oxidative damage
      Co-Micronized Palmitoylethanolamide and Rutin Associated With Hydroxytyrosol Recover Diabesity-Induced Hepatic Dysfunction in Mice: In Vitro Insights Into the Synergistic Effect
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39474783/

      In a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the combination of a drug that activates the CB2 receptor & two PPAR receptors (which regulate genetic transcription) suppressed obesity, inhibited visceral fat tissue expansion, reduced fat inflammation & lowered intestinal inflammation & injury
      Chronic Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α/γ and Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist Treatments Attenuated Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT)–Derived Extracellular Vesicle–Related VAT and Intestinal Abnormalities in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Mice
      https://ajp.amjpathol.org/article/S0002-9440(24)00398-5/abstract

      The Genitourinary System

      In rats, their kidneys were protected from cannabis-induced toxicity via diets of turmeric & ginger
      Mitigating Marijuana-Induced Nephrotoxicity: The Role of Selected Local Spice Diets in Wistar Rats
      https://www.seahipublications.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/IJIBMR-D-1-2024.pdf

      The Skin

      In cannabis cosmeceuticals, a review of their anti-inflammatory & antioxidant effects
      Investigation of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of cannabis in cosmeceuticals
      https://aestheticcosmetology.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/ACM-2024-05-vG-Basit-EN.pdf

      In skin cells exposed to ethanol, CBD protected them from the depressed metabolism & higher levels of apoptosis (programmed cellular suicide) via changes to genetic transcription
      Cannabidiol (CBD) modulates the transcriptional profile of ethanol-exposed human dermal fibroblast cells
      https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13353-024-00915-7

      In a mouse model of allergic inflammatory skin disease, a drug that blocks the GPR55 receptor (which may one day be known as CB3) suppressed symptoms via regulation of the immune system
      GPR55 antagonist CID16020046 suppresses DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis-like symptoms by suppressing Th1/Th2/Th17 populations in mice
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014299924007787

      Cancer & Chemotherapy

      A survey of why & who are using cannabis during cancer treatment
      Cannabis Use Among Cancer Patients During Active Treatment: Findings From a Study at an NCI-Designated Cancer Center
      https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cam4.70384

      In people with colon cancer, people using cannabis had larger polyps & more of them through the significance disappeared after controlling for gender, smoking, race & alcohol use
      Association of Marijuana Use With Colorectal Neoplasia
      https://journals.lww.com/ajg/fulltext/2024/10001/s470_association_of_marijuana_use_with_colorectal.471.aspx

      An Ayurvedic review of cannabis for cancer management
      Ayurvedic Concept Of Cancer Diagnosis And Its Management With Cannabis-Based Herbal Drugs
      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385282043_Ayurvedic_Concept_Of_Cancer_Diagnosis_And_Its_Management_With_Cannabis-Based_Herbal_Drugs

      A review of how cannabinoids exhibit anti-cancer properties & how they can be utilized for cancer therapy
      How do specific cannabinoids exhibit anti-cancer properties, and what strategies can be employed to optimize their efficacy for targeted cancer therapies?
      https://escholarship.org/content/qt6mg3r54p/qt6mg3r54p_noSplash_244001c24080f7adff4bbb8aa27bb62b.pdf

      In breast cancer cells, Lebanese cannabis extract induced apoptosis (programmed cellular suicide)
      The molecular anti-metastatic potential of CBD and THC from Lebanese Cannabis via apoptosis induction and alterations in autophagy
      https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-76340-x

      In cancer cells, an RNAi analysis found the CB1 receptor agonist WIN55212-2 combined well with targeting the tyrosine receptor kinase AXL to inhibit tumor growth
      RNAi Screen Identifies AXL Inhibition Combined with Cannabinoid WIN55212-2 as a Potential Strategy for Cancer Treatment
      https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/17/11/1465

      Synthetic Cannabinoids & Hemp-Derived Cannabinoids

      On measuring synthetic cannabinoids & their metabolites in human blood & urine
      Simultaneous quantification of JWH-018, JWH-073, and their metabolites (4-OH JWH-018, 3-OH JWH-073) in human plasma and urine samples by LC-MS/MS
      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10826076.2024.2414026

      On detecting synthetic cannabinoids in oral fluids
      Bar adsorptive microextraction and liquid chromatography-diode array detection of synthetic cannabinoids in oral fluid
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39259273/

      The effects of the synthetic cannabinoid MDA-19 on zebrafish development
      Effects of MDA-19 on Zebrafish Larval Behavior: Perspectives From Neurodevelopment, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolomics
      https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39477463/

      A Twitter analysis found that all states are talking about delta-8 THC regardless of cannabis legality
      Is Delta-8-THC use associated with state-level cannabis policies? A content analysis from different jurisdictions in the United States
      https://www.jsad.com/doi/abs/10.15288/jsad.24-00297

      Cool Chemistry & Tools

      How is the GPR55 receptor activated? (this receptor may one day be known as CB3)
      Structure basis of ligand recognition and activation of GPR55
      https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-024-01044-w

      Using flow chemistry to synthesize minor cannabinoids
      Minor Cannabinoid Synthesis by Flow Chemistry
      https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1934578X241285209

      An electrochemical sensor for measuring cannabinoid levels
      Surfactant-assisted electrochemical sensor for phytocannabinoids
      https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0026265X24021672

      For wastewater remediation, a thesis project on a technique for removing cannabinoids
      Radical Redox Kinetics of Tetrahydrocannabinol and Associated Metabolites Through Advanced Oxidative Process for Wastewater Remediation
      https://www.proquest.com/openview/d003aa10756d9cc0c41ea114a2714251/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y

      Thanks.
      - lex

      PS: For this week’s sublime singer of bossa nova, Elizete Cardoso’s ‘Canção Do Amor Demais’. Known to Brazilian audiences as ‘A Divina’ (the Divine One), she not only launched the bossa nova movement with this album & was one of great samba singers of all time, she was also an actress of great renown & the first singer to interpret the classical music of the legendary Heitor Villa-Lobos ("the single most significant creative figure in 20th-century Brazilian art music") at the Municipal Theaters of São Paulo & Rio. After each of those performances, she received a 15-minute standing ovation. Producing over 40 albums in her lifetime, Elizete Cardoso certainly deserved her other nickname of ‘A Magnifica’ (the Magnificent One).

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